比较级、最高级变更清单
规则变化
1. 单音节和少数双音节的词尾加上 “er” “est” 构成比较级、最高级：
bright（明亮的）—brighter—brightest
broad（广阔的）—broader—broadest
cheap（便宜的）—cheaper—cheapest
clean（干净的）—cleaner—cleanest
clever（聪明的）—cleverer—cleverest
cold（寒冷的）—colder—coldest
cool（凉的）—cooler—coolest
dark（黑暗的）—darker—darkest
dear（贵的）—dearer—dearest
deep（深的）—deeper—deepest
fast（迅速的）—faster—fastest
few（少的）—fewer—fewest
great（伟大的）—greater—greatest
hard(困难，硬)—harder—hardest
high（高的）—higher—highest
kind（善良的）—kinder—kindest
light（轻的）—lighter—lightest
long（长的）—longer—longest
loud（响亮的）—louder—loudest
low（低的）—lower—lowest
near（近的）—nearer—nearest
new（新的）—newer—newest
poor（穷的）—poorer—poorest
quick（快的）—quicker—quickest
quiet（安静的）—quieter—quietest
rich（富裕的）—richer—richest
short（短的）—shorter—shortest
slow（慢的）—slower—slowest
small（小的）—smaller—smallest
smart（聪明的）—smarter—smartest
soft（柔软的）—softer—softest
strong（强壮的）—stronger—strongest
sweet（甜的）—sweeter—sweetest
tall（高的）-taller – tallest
thick（厚的）—thicker—thickest
warm（温暖的）—warmer—warmest
weak（弱的）—weaker—weakest
young（年轻的）—younger—youngest
2用一个元音加一个辅音字母结尾的单音节词(即重读闭音节词)，双写结尾的辅音字母er，-est
big（大的）—bigger—biggest
fat（胖的）—fatter—fattest
hot（热的）—hotter—hottest
red（红的）—redder—reddest
sad（伤心的）—sadder—saddest
thin（瘦的）—thinner—thinnest
wet（湿的）—wetter—wettest
mad（疯的）—madder—maddest
特别提醒：new, few, slow, clean等词包含字母组合，发长元音，不需要双写。
3.以不发音的字母e结尾加上形容词 “r” “st” 构成比较级、最高级：
able（能干的）—abler—ablest
brave（勇敢的）—braver—bravest
close（接近的）—closer—closest
fine(好的，完美的)—finer—finest
large（巨大的）—larger—largest
late（迟的）—later—latest
nice（好的）—nicer—nicest
ripe（成熟的）—riper—ripest
rude（粗鲁的）—ruder—rudest
safe（安全的）—safer—safest
strange（奇怪的）—stranger—strangest
wide（宽广的）—wider—widest
wise(睿智，聪明)—wiser—wisest
white（白的）—whiter—whitest
4. 用辅音字母+y结尾的词改y为i，再加-er, -est
busy（忙碌的）—busier—busiest
dirty（脏的）—dirtier—dirtiest
dry（干燥的）—drier—driest
early（早的）—earlier—earliest
easy（容易的）—easier—easiest
friendly（友好的）—friendlier—friendliest
funny（好玩的）—funnier—funniest
happy（开心的）—happier—happiest
healthy（健康的）—healthier—healthiest
heavy（重的）—heavier—heaviest
hungry（饿的）—hungrier—hungriest
lazy（懒惰的）—lazier—laziest
lucky（幸运的）—luckier—luckiest
naughty（调皮的）—naughtier—naughtiest
noisy（嘈杂的）—noisier—noisiest
pretty（美丽的）—prettier—prettiest
silly（傻的）—sillier—silliest
spicy（辣的）—spicier—spiciest
thirsty（渴的）—thirstier—thirstiest
ugly（丑的）—uglier—ugliest
5.双音节和多音节形容词(即音标中含有三个或三个以上元音音素的词)，在单词前添加 “more” “most” 构成比较级、最高级：
afraid（害怕的）—more afraid—most afraid
beautiful（美丽的）—more beautiful—most beautiful
careful（仔细的）—more careful—most careful
cheerful（开心的）—more cheerful—most cheerful
crowded（拥挤的）—more crowded—most crowded
dangerous（危险的）—more dangerous—most dangerous
delicious（美味的）—more delicious—most delicious
difficult（困难的）—more difficult—most difficult
exciting(刺激)—more exciting—most exciting
expensive（昂贵的）—more expensive—most expensive
famous（着名的）—more famous—most famous
frightened（受惊的）—more frightened—most frightened
frightening(可怕)—more frightening—most frightening
hard-working（勤奋的）—more hard-working—most hard-working
helpful(有帮助)—more helpful—most helpful
honest（诚实的）—more honest—most honest
important（重要的）—more important—most important
interesting（有趣的）—more interesting—most interesting
polite(礼貌)—more polite—most polite
terrible（可怕的）—more terrible—most terrible
tired（累的）—more tired—most tired
特别提醒：描述前缀un构成的三音节形容词不适合上述情况，
如：unhappy-unhappier-unhappiest, untidy-untidier-untidiest
6. 以形容词+ly构成的副词要在前面加 more，most
Slowly-more slowly-most slowly quickly-more quickly-most quickly
特别提醒：early -earlier-earliest
7. 由ing分词和-ed分词演变的形容词(包括不规则动词，如know→known)只能加more或most表示它们的比较级和最高级。
interesting- more interesting -most interesting
excited- more excited – most exciting
tired- more tired – most tired
boring-more boring -most boring
不规则变化
bad（坏的）—worse—worst
far（远的）—farther—farthest (far—further—furthest)
good（好的）—better—best
ill（病的）—worse—worst
little（少的）—less—least
many（多的）—more—most
much（多的）—more—most
old（年老的）—older—oldest ( old—elder—eldest)
well（好的，身体好的）—better—best
特别提醒：
◇further不仅可以指“距离更远”，还可指“程度更深”。记住以下三个词组：further study(进修)
further education(继续教育) further information (进一步的信息)
◇elder仅用于同辈之间的排行，如: elder sister(姐姐) elder brother (哥哥)
◇less作为“更少”仅用来修饰不可数名词，修饰可数名词表示“更少”要用fewer。
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