一份新报告指出,药物污染已经蔓延到世界各地的河流,药物残留在世界各地的河流中很常见,其中最常见的是治疗糖尿病和癫痫的药物。抽样检测发现,受污染最严重的河流大多在中低收入国家,冰岛、挪威和亚马逊雨林受污染最轻。
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Pollution of the world\’s rivers from medicines and pharmaceutical products poses a “threat to environmental and global health”, a report says.
一份报告称,药物对世界河流的污染对“环境和全球人类健康构成威胁”。
Paracetamol, nicotine, caffeine and epilepsy and diabetes drugs were widely detected in a University of York study.
扑热息痛、尼古丁、咖啡因和治疗癫痫和糖尿病的药物在世界许多地方的河流中都被广泛检测到。
Rivers in Pakistan, Bolivia and Ethiopia were among the most polluted. Rivers in Iceland, Norway and the Amazon rainforest fared the best.
巴基斯坦、玻利维亚和埃塞俄比亚的河流污染最严重。冰岛、挪威和亚马逊雨林的河流污染最轻。
The impact of many of the most common pharmaceutical compounds in rivers is still largely unknown.
目前尚不清楚河流中检测到的许多最常见的药物化合物会产生什么影响。
But it is already well established that dissolved human contraceptives can impact the development and reproduction of fish, and scientists fear the increased presence of antibiotics in rivers could limit their effectiveness as medicines.
但毫无疑问,溶解在水中的人类避孕药会影响鱼类的发育和繁殖。科学家们担心,河流中抗生素的增加会限制抗生素作为药物的有效性。
The study sampled water from more than 1,000 test sites in more than 100 countries.
本研究对数百个国家1000多个试验点的水进行了抽样检测。
Overall, more than a quarter of the 258 rivers sampled had what are known as “active pharmaceutical ingredients” present at a level deemed unsafe for aquatic organisms.
总的来说,超过四分之一的抽样检测河流含有所谓的“活性药物成分”,并达到了对水生生物不安全的水平。
“What we know now is that even the most modern efficient wastewater treatment plants aren\’t completely capable of degrading these compounds before they end up in rivers or lakes.” Dr John Wilkinson, who led the research, told BBC News.
这项研究的领导人约翰·威尔金森博士告诉BBC新闻频道:“我们现在知道的是,即使是最现代、最高效的废水处理厂也不能在将废水排入河流和湖泊之前完全降解这些药物化合物。”
The two most frequently detected pharmaceuticals were carbamazepine, which is used to treat epilepsy and nerve pain, and metformin, used to treat diabetes.
治疗癫痫和神经痛的卡马西平和治疗糖尿病的二甲双胍是河流中最常见的两种药物。
High concentrations were also found of so-called “lifestyle consumables” like caffeine [coffee] and nicotine [cigarettes] as well as the painkiller paracetamol.
高浓度咖啡因(来自咖啡)也发现在河流中。、所谓的“生活方式消费品”,如尼古丁(来自香烟),以及镇痛的扑热息痛。
In Africa, artemisinin – used in anti-malarial medicine – was also found in high concentrations.
在非洲,抗疟药物中的青蒿素在河流中的浓度也很高。
The report says the increased presence of antibiotics in rivers could also lead to the development of resistant bacteria, damaging the effectiveness of medicines and ultimately posing “a global threat to environmental and global health”.
报告称,河流中越来越多的抗生素也会增强人类对抗生素的耐药性,降低药物的有效性,最终“对环境和全球人类健康构成全球威胁”。
The most polluted sites were largely in low- to middle-income countries, and in areas where there was sewage dumping, poor wastewater management and pharmaceutical manufacturing.
污染最严重的河流大多在中低收入国家,以及倾倒污水、管理不善、生产药品的地区。
The full report has been published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciencesjournal.
期刊《美国科学院院报》上发表了完整的报告。
英文来源:BBC
翻译&编辑:丹妮
来源:中国日报网
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